Regulation & safety

Know your customer

Also calledKYC · customer identification · customer due diligence

Know your customer (KYC) is the process a financial firm uses to establish and verify a customer’s identity and, where relevant, understand ownership, purpose, and expected account activity before and during a business relationship.

Evidence passport

What this page checked.

Sources
2
Record updated
August 18, 2026

Know your customer — definition, practical meaning, example, and common interpretation risk checked against the linked reference material

Definition checked

  • Definition and plain-English explanation for “Know your customer”
  • The worked example and the distinction described in the watch-out note
  • Reference material: FinCEN — Customer Identification Program guidance, FATF — International standards on customer due diligence

Use the term correctly

  • Read the connected terms when a definition depends on another market concept
  • Check the broker’s contract specification when applying the term to a particular product
  • Treat examples as explanations of mechanics, not as prices, forecasts, or trading advice

Method. Editorial desk review of the definition, example, related concepts, and 2 linked sources. Calculations are checked directly where the entry contains arithmetic

Research scope and limits +
  • This glossary entry explains terminology and does not test a broker, trading account, platform, or live market condition
  • Contract wording and practical treatment can differ across brokers, venues, jurisdictions, and products
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  1. Added named authorship, a definition evidence record, application checks, and a concise scope disclosure

What Know your customer means

KYC commonly involves collecting identifying details, checking documents or reliable databases, screening relevant risk information, and asking follow-up questions where the customer or transaction presents higher risk. For a company account, the firm may need to identify people who ultimately own or control the company. Exact checks vary by law, product, customer location, and the firm’s risk assessment.

KYC helps firms meet financial-crime obligations and can determine whether an account is opened, restricted, or reviewed. It also gives a trader a practical way to assess a broker: a legitimate firm should clearly identify the contracting entity and use a proportionate verification process. Completing KYC does not prove that a broker is safe or that deposits are protected.

A customer opens an account in her own name and submits her legal name, date of birth, residential address, and a government-issued ID. The broker compares the information with reliable sources. If she instead funds an account held by a company, the broker may request incorporation records and details of the company’s beneficial owners before allowing trading or withdrawals.

Common questions

Is KYC required only when an account is opened?+

No. Initial identity verification is a central part of KYC, but firms may refresh records, investigate unusual activity, or request further evidence when a customer’s risk profile, ownership, or transaction pattern changes.

Why does a broker ask about beneficial owners?+

Where the customer is a company or other legal arrangement, the account holder may not be the person ultimately controlling it. Identifying beneficial owners helps the firm assess the relationship and detect potential misuse.

Go to the original material.

01FinCEN — Customer Identification Program guidance02FATF — International standards on customer due diligence