Regulation & safety

Clone firm

Also calledfirm clone · clone investment scam

A clone firm is an unauthorized scam operation that impersonates a real authorized financial firm by copying its name, registration number, address, website design, documents, or staff details. The genuine firm’s authorization does not extend to the impersonator or protect money sent to it.

What Clone firm means

Clone-firm fraud works because the victim can find the real company on a regulator’s register and assume the contact is genuine. Fraudsters may copy a firm reference number and use a similar domain, email address, phone number, or brand logo. Verification must compare every contact detail with the regulator’s official register, not with details supplied in a message or advertisement.

Sending money to a clone firm can mean dealing with an unauthorized criminal rather than the regulated company shown on a register. Regulatory complaint routes, client-money safeguards, and compensation arrangements may therefore be unavailable. A cloned identity can look professional, so visual similarity and a correct registration number are not enough to establish authenticity.

An investor receives an offer from “Northshore Capital Markets” quoting the registration number of a genuine authorized company. The email links to northshore-capitalmarkets.example, while the regulator’s register lists a different domain and telephone number. Calling the number on the register—not the email—reveals that the legitimate firm did not make the offer.

Common questions

Can a clone firm use a real broker licence number?+

Yes. A clone may copy a real firm’s licence or registration number to appear credible. Confirm the matching website, telephone number, address, and legal entity through the regulator’s official register before transferring money or documents.

Does an authorized firm have to reimburse a victim of a clone?+

Not automatically. The impersonated firm may have no connection to the fraud. Whether any recovery route exists depends on the facts, payment method, jurisdiction, and applicable compensation or fraud-reporting arrangements.

Go to the original material.

01Financial Conduct Authority — FCA warning on clone firm investment scams02Financial Conduct Authority — Example clone-firm warning