Regulation & safety

Investor compensation scheme

Also calledinvestment compensation scheme

An investor compensation scheme is a statutory or industry-backed arrangement that may compensate eligible clients when a covered investment firm cannot meet certain obligations, subject to jurisdiction-specific eligibility rules, exclusions, and payment limits.

Evidence passport

What this page checked.

Sources
2
Record updated
August 18, 2026

Investor compensation scheme — definition, practical meaning, example, and common interpretation risk checked against the linked reference material

Definition checked

  • Definition and plain-English explanation for “Investor compensation scheme”
  • The worked example and the distinction described in the watch-out note
  • Reference material: FSCS — Investment compensation and protection, ESMA — MiFID II Article 4 definitions

Use the term correctly

  • Read the connected terms when a definition depends on another market concept
  • Check the broker’s contract specification when applying the term to a particular product
  • Treat examples as explanations of mechanics, not as prices, forecasts, or trading advice

Method. Editorial desk review of the definition, example, related concepts, and 2 linked sources. Calculations are checked directly where the entry contains arithmetic

Research scope and limits +
  • This glossary entry explains terminology and does not test a broker, trading account, platform, or live market condition
  • Contract wording and practical treatment can differ across brokers, venues, jurisdictions, and products
Page change log +
  1. Added named authorship, a definition evidence record, application checks, and a concise scope disclosure

What Investor compensation scheme means

These schemes address firm failure or an inability to return money or assets in defined circumstances. They are not insurance against a losing trade, a falling share price, a bad investment decision, or every type of fraud. Coverage depends on the legal entity holding the account, the product, the client’s eligibility, and the scheme in that jurisdiction.

A broker may operate through several legal entities, each subject to different rules and compensation arrangements. Checking the legal entity named in the account agreement is more useful than relying on a brand name. A scheme can reduce some insolvency-related shortfalls, but it does not remove counterparty, market, or currency risk.

A UK-authorized investment firm fails while holding an eligible customer’s assets or money. The customer may be able to make a claim to the Financial Services Compensation Scheme, subject to its rules and limits. A separate $10,000 trading loss from a correctly executed CFD position would not itself be compensated.

Common questions

Does an investor compensation scheme cover trading losses?+

Usually not. These schemes generally concern a covered firm’s inability to meet obligations, not normal market losses. Coverage depends on the specific scheme’s rules, the product, and the facts of the firm failure.

How can I identify the relevant scheme?+

Check the broker’s account agreement and regulatory disclosures for the legal entity serving you, then verify its authorization and applicable protection arrangements with the relevant regulator or compensation body.

Go to the original material.

01FSCS — Investment compensation and protection02ESMA — MiFID II Article 4 definitions