FXForex basics

Currency correlation

Currency correlation is the degree to which two exchange rates, or a currency pair and another market variable, tend to move together over a chosen period.

What Currency correlation means

If two currency pairs often rise and fall at the same time, they are positively correlated; if one tends to rise when the other falls, they are negatively correlated. Correlation is a statistical relationship, not a guarantee. It can change with the time frame, market regime, and the currencies involved.

Traders use correlation to understand whether positions overlap in exposure. Two trades can look different but still depend on the same underlying currency. That matters for diversification, hedging, and risk control, because correlated positions can amplify losses instead of offsetting each other.

A trader studies EUR/USD and GBP/USD over the last 90 days and sees a strong positive correlation. That means both pairs have often moved in the same direction. If the trader is long both, the account may be more exposed to broad U.S. dollar moves than it first appears. Simplified example.

Common questions

Is correlation the same as diversification?+

No. Correlation helps you assess diversification, but it does not create diversification by itself. Two highly correlated positions can still behave like one large bet.

Does correlation stay constant?+

No. It changes over time and can differ by time frame. Short-term and long-term correlations can tell different stories.

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01Federal Reserve Board, International glossary02Bank for International Settlements, FX risk glossary