Crypto

Cryptocurrency

Also calledcrypto · virtual currency

Cryptocurrency is a crypto asset designed to be transferred on a blockchain or similar distributed-ledger network, typically using cryptographic keys and network rules rather than a central bank’s account system. Its value, legal treatment, governance, and practical use vary by asset and jurisdiction.

Evidence passport

What this page checked.

Sources
2
Record updated
August 18, 2026

Cryptocurrency — definition, practical meaning, example, and common interpretation risk checked against the linked reference material

Definition checked

  • Definition and plain-English explanation for “Cryptocurrency”
  • The worked example and the distinction described in the watch-out note
  • Reference material: SEC Investor.gov: Crypto Assets, IMF: Assessing Macrofinancial Risks from Crypto Assets

Use the term correctly

  • Read the connected terms when a definition depends on another market concept
  • Check the broker’s contract specification when applying the term to a particular product
  • Treat examples as explanations of mechanics, not as prices, forecasts, or trading advice

Method. Editorial desk review of the definition, example, related concepts, and 2 linked sources. Calculations are checked directly where the entry contains arithmetic

Research scope and limits +
  • This glossary entry explains terminology and does not test a broker, trading account, platform, or live market condition
  • Contract wording and practical treatment can differ across brokers, venues, jurisdictions, and products
Page change log +
  1. Added named authorship, a definition evidence record, application checks, and a concise scope disclosure

What Cryptocurrency means

Cryptocurrency is commonly used to describe digital assets such as Bitcoin and Ether that can be sent between network addresses. The term is broad and is often used loosely for coins, tokens, and stablecoins. A cryptocurrency may be used for transfers, transaction fees, or access to network functions, but ownership does not automatically give the holder a claim on an issuer or any legal right to redemption.

Calling an asset a cryptocurrency says little about its economic rights or risk. It may have no issuer, be issued by a company, be backed by reserves, or represent a security under applicable law. Before trading or transferring it, a user should distinguish the asset, the network, the wallet arrangement, and the venue offering it.

A trader buys 2 units of an asset at $150 each, paying $300 before fees. If the market price later falls to $120, the position’s market value is $240, a $60 decline before fees and taxes. The blockchain may process the transfer correctly; it does not stabilize the market price.

Common questions

Is cryptocurrency the same as a crypto asset?+

Not exactly. Crypto asset is the broader term for value represented and transferred using blockchain or similar technology. Cryptocurrency is commonly a subset or informal label, although usage differs across laws and market participants.

Can a cryptocurrency be a security?+

It can, depending on the asset’s features and how it is offered or sold. Labels such as coin or token do not by themselves determine the legal analysis.

Go to the original material.

01SEC Investor.gov: Crypto Assets02IMF: Assessing Macrofinancial Risks from Crypto Assets